Climate-smart agriculture has recently emerged as a response to the need for agricultural systems that can enhance food security while promoting climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts. It primarily aims at sustainably managing agricultural systems to attain food security while also harnessing the potential of the agricultural sector for climate change mitigation, as well as adaptation to climate change impacts. Intensifying crop production and addressing climate change must be done in an integrated and sustainable way. This book entitled Advances in Climate-Smart Agriculture considers the most typical of the expected impacts of climate change on crop production, and the opportunities that exist for adapting to these changes and mitigating climate change through the sustainable intensification of crop production.